Jawaharlal Nehru addressing the First sitting of the Constituent Assembly in 1946.

Karachi resolution of AICC

Karachi resolution

This resolution on Fundamental rights is in fact was part of the grand declaration of the All India Congress Committed in its annual session held at Karachi in 1931. It contained several aspects like Labour laws, Industrial development, Economic principles, social development etc. Here we will take up only the section of Fundamental rights and duties.

In fact this issue of passing a resolution on Fundamental rights was first proposed by Nehru to Patel and Gandhi in 1928 itself. But both of them were favourable to Nehru. But Bose supported Nehru. Then Nehru formed a group called as ‘Democracy front’ within congress to pursue the matter further. At last Gandhi agreed to the proposal and the Resolution prepared by Nehru was ultimately introduced in the Karachi Session of AICC and was passed under the Presidentship of Patel. This was the resolution which was presented as the goal of the Constituent Assembly by Nehru in 1946 before the Assembly which was accepted by the Assembly again.

Fundamental Rights and Duties

1. (1) Every citizen of India has the right of free expression of opinion, the rights of free association and combination, and the right to assemble peacefully and without arms, for purposes not opposed to law or morality.

(2) Every citizen shall enjoy freedom of conscience and the right freely to profess and practice his religion, subject to public order and morality.

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(3) The culture, language and script of the minorities and of the different linguistic areas shall be protected.

(4) All citizens are equal before the law, irrespective of caste, creed or sex.

(5) No disability attaches to any citizen, by reason of his or her religion, caste, creed or sex, in regard to public employment, office of power or honor, and in the exercise of any trade or calling.

(6) All citizens have equal rights and duties in regard to wells, tanks, roads, schools and places of public resort, maintained out of State or local funds, or dedicated by private persons for the use of the general public.

(7) Every citizen has the right to keep and bear arms, in accordance with regulations and reservations made in that behalf.

(8) No person shall be deprived of his liberty nor shall his dwelling or property be entered, sequestered or confiscated, save in accordance with law.

(9) The State shall observe neutrality in regard to all religions.

(10) The franchise shall be on the basis of universal adult suffrage.

(11) The State shall provide for free and compulsory primary education.

(12) The State shall confer no titles.

(13) There shall be no capital punishment.

(14) Every citizen is free to move throughout India and to stay and settle in any part thereof, to acquire property and to follow any trade or calling, and to be treated equally with regard to legal prosecution or protection in all parts of India.

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